Blog

The basics:

Virtualmin is a powerful and flexible web hosting control panel for Linux and UNIX systems based on the well-known Open Source web-based systems management GUI, Webmin. Manage your virtual domains, mailboxes, databases, applications, and the entire server, from one comprehensive and friendly interface.

I recommend using Virtualmin; it made my life so EASY!, managing mail accounts, FTP, websites, Nginx, firewall… everything!.

But like every tool, it doesn’t cover everything. And that’s the idea of this guide. Yes, I just made your life way more comfortable! But how about the “under the hood side”?.

Installing Virtualmin and ntpdate:

wget https://software.virtualmin.com/gpl/scripts/install.sh
chmod 755 *
./install.sh
apt-get install ntpdate

Configuring Virtualmin:

The firewall:

If you want some sort of security and active connections to your ftp, you’ll need:

modprobe ip_conntrack_ftp
echo "IPTABLES_MODULES="ip_conntrack_ftp"" >> /etc/sysconfig/iptables-config

Getting your server “secure”

➜  ~ cat iptables.save 
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.14 on Mon Jun  6 02:31:37 2016
*filter
:INPUT DROP [19:1020]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [513:37370]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [6333:10196027]
:LDAP - [0:0]
:fail2ban-default - [0:0]
:fail2ban-ssh - [0:0]
-A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 22 -j fail2ban-ssh
-A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 22 -j fail2ban-ssh
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j fail2ban-default
-A INPUT -p tcp -m multiport --dports 22 -j fail2ban-ssh
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 389 -j LDAP
-A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 161 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 25565 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 25565 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -s 10.254.3.0/24 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT ! -i eth0 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 4949 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 1196 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --tcp-flags ACK ACK -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -m state --state RELATED -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p udp -m udp --sport 53 --dport 1024:65535 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 0 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 3 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 4 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 11 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 12 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 113 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p icmp -m icmp --icmp-type 8 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 53 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 443 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp -m multiport --dports 25,587 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 20:21 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp -m multiport --dports 110,995 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp -m multiport --dports 143,220,993 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 10000:10010 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 20000 -j ACCEPT
-A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3001 -j ACCEPT
-A LDAP -s 206.72.202.59/32 -j ACCEPT
-A LDAP -s 66.45.250.235/32 -j ACCEPT
-A LDAP -s 206.72.192.67/32 -j ACCEPT
-A LDAP -s 10.254.3.0/24 -j ACCEPT
-A LDAP -s 10.254.4.0/24 -j ACCEPT
-A LDAP -p tcp -m tcp --dport 3001 -j ACCEPT
-A fail2ban-default -j RETURN
-A fail2ban-ssh -s 222.186.21.217/32 -j DROP
-A fail2ban-ssh -j RETURN
-A fail2ban-ssh -j RETURN
-A fail2ban-ssh -j RETURN
COMMIT
# Completed on Mon Jun  6 02:31:37 2016
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.14 on Mon Jun  6 02:31:37 2016
*mangle
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [49100981:39900927740]
:INPUT ACCEPT [47328481:39740284733]
:FORWARD ACCEPT [1408050:121664223]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [32033396:88711307234]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [33441446:88832971457]
COMMIT
# Completed on Mon Jun  6 02:31:37 2016
# Generated by iptables-save v1.4.14 on Mon Jun  6 02:31:37 2016
*nat
:PREROUTING ACCEPT [1273587:85952983]
:INPUT ACCEPT [1201232:81100796]
:OUTPUT ACCEPT [587430:41574154]
:POSTROUTING ACCEPT [1110814:78989544]
-A PREROUTING -d 66.45.250.236/32 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.254.3.2
-A POSTROUTING -s 10.254.3.0/24 -j SNAT --to-source 66.45.250.236
COMMIT
# Completed on Mon Jun  6 02:31:37 2016

Configuring postfix:

General setup:

# See /usr/share/postfix/main.cf.dist for a commented, more complete version
 
 
# Debian specific:  Specifying a file name will cause the first
# line of that file to be used as the name.  The Debian default
# is /etc/mailname.
#myorigin = /etc/mailname
 
smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Debian/GNU)
biff = no
 
# appending .domain is the MUA's job.
append_dot_mydomain = no
 
# Uncomment the next line to generate "delayed mail" warnings
#delay_warning_time = 4h
 
readme_directory = no
 
# TLS parameters
smtpd_tls_cert_file=/etc/ssl/certs/ssl-cert-snakeoil.pem
smtpd_tls_key_file=/etc/ssl/private/ssl-cert-snakeoil.key
smtpd_use_tls=yes
smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache
smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache
 
# See /usr/share/doc/postfix/TLS_README.gz in the postfix-doc package for
# information on enabling SSL in the smtp client.
 
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
# Add the networks used by you, that are safe.
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128
mailbox_command = /usr/bin/procmail-wrapper -o -a $DOMAIN -d $LOGNAME
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
virtual_alias_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/virtual
sender_bcc_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/bcc
sender_dependent_default_transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/dependent
home_mailbox = Maildir/
smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes
smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous
broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes
smtpd_recipient_restrictions = permit_mynetworks permit_sasl_authenticated reject_unauth_destination check_policy_service inet:127.0.0.1:10023
allow_percent_hack = no
# Allow 40 MB message size.
message_size_limit = 40000000

Master Configuration (master.cf)

#
# Postfix master process configuration file.  For details on the format
# of the file, see the master(5) manual page (command: "man 5 master").
#
# Do not forget to execute "postfix reload" after editing this file.
#
# ==========================================================================
# service type  private unpriv  chroot  wakeup  maxproc command + args
#               (yes)   (yes)   (yes)   (never) (100)
# ==========================================================================
smtp    inet    n       -       -       -       -       smtpd -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
#smtp      inet  n       -       -       -       1       postscreen
#smtpd     pass  -       -       -       -       -       smtpd
#dnsblog   unix  -       -       -       -       0       dnsblog
#tlsproxy  unix  -       -       -       -       0       tlsproxy
#submission inet n       -       -       -       -       smtpd
#  -o syslog_name=postfix/submission
#  -o smtpd_tls_security_level=encrypt
#  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
#  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
#  -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#smtps     inet  n       -       -       -       -       smtpd
#  -o syslog_name=postfix/smtps
#  -o smtpd_tls_wrappermode=yes
#  -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes
#  -o smtpd_client_restrictions=permit_sasl_authenticated,reject
#  -o milter_macro_daemon_name=ORIGINATING
#628       inet  n       -       -       -       -       qmqpd
pickup    fifo  n       -       -       60      1       pickup
cleanup   unix  n       -       -       -       0       cleanup
qmgr      fifo  n       -       n       300     1       qmgr
#qmgr     fifo  n       -       n       300     1       oqmgr
tlsmgr    unix  -       -       -       1000?   1       tlsmgr
rewrite   unix  -       -       -       -       -       trivial-rewrite
bounce    unix  -       -       -       -       0       bounce
defer     unix  -       -       -       -       0       bounce
trace     unix  -       -       -       -       0       bounce
verify    unix  -       -       -       -       1       verify
flush     unix  n       -       -       1000?   0       flush
proxymap  unix  -       -       n       -       -       proxymap
proxywrite unix -       -       n       -       1       proxymap
smtp      unix  -       -       -       -       -       smtp
relay     unix  -       -       -       -       -       smtp
#       -o smtp_helo_timeout=5 -o smtp_connect_timeout=5
showq     unix  n       -       -       -       -       showq
error     unix  -       -       -       -       -       error
retry     unix  -       -       -       -       -       error
discard   unix  -       -       -       -       -       discard
local     unix  -       n       n       -       -       local
virtual   unix  -       n       n       -       -       virtual
lmtp      unix  -       -       -       -       -       lmtp
anvil     unix  -       -       -       -       1       anvil
scache    unix  -       -       -       -       1       scache
#
# ====================================================================
# Interfaces to non-Postfix software. Be sure to examine the manual
# pages of the non-Postfix software to find out what options it wants.
#
# Many of the following services use the Postfix pipe(8) delivery
# agent.  See the pipe(8) man page for information about ${recipient}
# and other message envelope options.
# ====================================================================
#
# maildrop. See the Postfix MAILDROP_README file for details.
# Also specify in main.cf: maildrop_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
maildrop  unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=DRhu user=vmail argv=/usr/bin/maildrop -d ${recipient}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Recent Cyrus versions can use the existing "lmtp" master.cf entry.
#
# Specify in cyrus.conf:
#   lmtp    cmd="lmtpd -a" listen="localhost:lmtp" proto=tcp4
#
# Specify in main.cf one or more of the following:
#  mailbox_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
#  virtual_transport = lmtp:inet:localhost
#
# ====================================================================
#
# Cyrus 2.1.5 (Amos Gouaux)
# Also specify in main.cf: cyrus_destination_recipient_limit=1
#
#cyrus     unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
#  user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -r ${sender} -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
# Old example of delivery via Cyrus.
#
#old-cyrus unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
#  flags=R user=cyrus argv=/cyrus/bin/deliver -e -m ${extension} ${user}
#
# ====================================================================
#
# See the Postfix UUCP_README file for configuration details.
#
uucp      unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=Fqhu user=uucp argv=uux -r -n -z -a$sender - $nexthop!rmail ($recipient)
#
# Other external delivery methods.
#
ifmail    unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=F user=ftn argv=/usr/lib/ifmail/ifmail -r $nexthop ($recipient)
bsmtp     unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=Fq. user=bsmtp argv=/usr/lib/bsmtp/bsmtp -t$nexthop -f$sender $recipient
scalemail-backend unix  -       n       n       -       2       pipe
  flags=R user=scalemail argv=/usr/lib/scalemail/bin/scalemail-store ${nexthop} ${user} ${extension}
mailman   unix  -       n       n       -       -       pipe
  flags=FR user=list argv=/usr/lib/mailman/bin/postfix-to-mailman.py
  ${nexthop} ${user}
 
submission      inet    n       -       -       -       -       smtpd -o smtpd_sasl_auth_enable=yes

OhMyZSH / ZSH:

#Debian
apt-get install zsh curl
 
sh -c "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/robbyrussell/oh-my-zsh/master/tools/install.sh)"

MySQL:

Usually, I’d suggest using persona’s utility to figure out these values; I’ll post mine. https://tools.percona.com/

# Generated by Percona Configuration Wizard (https://tools.percona.com/) version REL5-20120208
# Configuration name sec02.takelan.com generated for ddemuro@gmail.com at 2015-04-11 05:31:01
 
[mysql]
 
# CLIENT #
port                           = 3306
socket                         = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
 
[mysqld]
 
# GENERAL #
user                           = mysql
default-storage-engine         = InnoDB
socket                         = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
pid-file                       = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
 
# MyISAM #
key-buffer-size                = 64M
myisam-recover                 = FORCE,BACKUP
 
# SAFETY #
max-allowed-packet             = 64M
max-connect-errors             = 1000000
skip-name-resolve
sql-mode                       = STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,NO_ZERO_DATE,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE
sysdate-is-now                 = 1
innodb                         = FORCE
innodb-strict-mode             = 1
 
# DATA STORAGE #
datadir                        = /var/lib/mysql/
 
 
# BINARY LOGGING #
log-bin                        = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-bin
expire-logs-days               = 14
sync-binlog                    = 1
 
# CACHES AND LIMITS #
tmp-table-size                 = 512M
max-heap-table-size            = 512M
query-cache-type               = 1
query-cache-size               = 512M
query_cache_limit              = 16M
max-connections                = 500
thread-cache-size              = 80
open-files-limit               = 65535
table-definition-cache         = 4096
table-open-cache               = 10240
 
# INNODB #
innodb-flush-method            = O_DIRECT
innodb-log-files-in-group      = 2
#innodb-log-file-size           = 512M
innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit = 1
innodb-file-per-table          = 1
innodb-buffer-pool-size        = 1G
 
# LOGGING #
log-error                      = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-error.log
log-queries-not-using-indexes  = 1
slow-query-log                 = 1
slow-query-log-file            = /var/lib/mysql/mysql-slow.log

PostGrey:

# postgrey whitelist for mail client hostnames
# --------------------------------------------
# put this file in /etc/postgrey or specify its path
# with --whitelist-clients=xxx
#
# postgrey version: 1.34, build date: 2011-05-04
 
# Debian-specific additions
# I *know* they run real mail queues, so greylisting only creates
# bigger load for them.
debconf.org
debian.org
spi-inc.org
 
# greylisting.org: Southwest Airlines (unique sender, no retry)
southwest.com
# greylisting.org: isp.belgacom.be (wierd retry pattern)
isp.belgacom.be
# greylisting.org: Ameritrade (no retry)
ameritradeinfo.com
# greylisting.org: Amazon.com (unique sender with letters)
amazon.com
# 2004-05-20: Linux kernel mailing-list (unique sender with letters)
vger.kernel.org
# 2004-06-02: karger.ch, no retry
karger.ch
# 2004-06-02: lilys.ch, (slow: 4 hours)
server-x001.hostpoint.ch
# 2004-06-09: roche.com (no retry)
gw.bas.roche.com
# 2004-06-09: newsletter (no retry)
mail.hhlaw.com
# 2004-06-09: no retry (reported by Ralph Hildebrandt)
prd051.appliedbiosystems.com
# 2004-06-17: swissre.com (no retry)
swissre.com
# 2004-06-17: dowjones.com newsletter (unique sender with letters)
returns.dowjones.com
# 2004-06-18: switch.ch (works but personnel is confused by the error)
domin.switch.ch
# 2004-06-23: accor-hotels.com (slow: 6 hours)
accor-hotels.com
# 2004-06-29: rr.com (no retry, reported by Duncan Hill)
/^ms-smtp.*\.rr\.com$/
# 2004-06-29: cox.net (no retry, reported by Duncan Hill)
/^lake.*mta.*\.cox\.net$/
# 2004-06-29: motorola.com (no retry)
mot.com
# 2004-07-01: nic.fr (address verification, reported by Arnaud Launay)
nic.fr
# 2004-07-01: verizon.net (address verification, reported by Bill Moran and Eric, adapted by Adam C. Mathews)
/^s[cv]\d+pub\.verizon\.net$/
# 2004-07-02: cs.columbia.edu (no retry)
cs.columbia.edu
# 2004-07-02: papersinvited.com (no retry)
66.216.126.174
# 2004-07-02: telekom.de (slow: 6 hours)
/^mail\d+\.telekom\.de$/
# 2004-07-04: tiscali.dk (slow: 12 hours, reported by Klaus Alexander Seistrup)
/^smtp\d+\.tiscali\.dk$/
# 2004-07-04: freshmeat.net (address verification)
freshmeat.net
# 2004-07-11: zd-swx.com (unique sender with letters, reported by Bill Landry)
zd-swx.com
# 2004-07-11: lockergnome.wc09.net (unique sender with letters, reported by Bill Landry)
lockergnome.wc09.net
# 2004-07-19: mxlogic.net (no retry, reported by Eric)
p01m168.mxlogic.net
p02m169.mxlogic.net
# 2004-09-08: intel.com (pool on different subnets) 
/^fmr\d+\.intel\.com$/
# 2004-09-17: cox-internet.com (no retry, reported by Rod Roark)
/^fe\d+\.cox-internet\.com$/
# 2004-10-11: logismata.ch (no retry)
logismata.ch
# 2004-11-25: brief.cw.reum.de (no retry, reported by Manuel Oetiker)
brief.cw.reum.de
# 2004-12-03: ingeno.ch (no retry)
qmail.ingeno.ch
# 2004-12-06: rein.ch (no retry)
mail1.thurweb.ch
# 2005-01-26: tu-ilmenau.de (no retry)
piggy.rz.tu-ilmenau.de
# 2005-04-06: polymed.ch (no retry)
mail.polymed.ch
# 2005-06-08: hu-berlin.de (slow: 6 hours, reported by Joachim Schoenberg)
rz.hu-berlin.de
# 2005-06-17: gmail.com (big pool, reported by Beat Mueller)
proxy.gmail.com
# 2005-06-23: cacert.org (address verification, reported by Martin Lohmeier)
cacert.org
# 2005-07-27: polytech.univ-mrs.fr (no retry, reported by Giovanni Mandorino)
polytech.univ-mrs.fr
# 2005-08-05: gnu.org (address verification, reported by Martin Lohmeier)
gnu.org
# 2005-08-17: ciphirelabs.com (needs fast responses, reported by Sven Mueller)
cs.ciphire.net
# 2005-11-11: lufthansa (no retry, reported by Peter Bieringer)
/^gateway\d+\.np4\.de$/
# 2005-11-23: arcor-online.net (slow: 12 hours, reported by Bernd Zeimetz)
/^mail-in-\d+\.arcor-online\.net$/
# 2005-12-29: netsolmail.com (no retry, reported by Gareth Greenaway)
netsolmail.com
# mail.likopris.si (no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
193.77.153.67
# jcsw.nato.int (several servers, no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
195.235.39
# tesla.vtszg.hr (no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
tesla.vtszg.hr
# mailgw*.iai.co.il (pool of several servers, reported by Vito Robar)
/^mailgw.*\.iai\.co\.il$/
# gw.stud-serv-mb.si (no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
gw.stud-serv-mb.si
# mail.commandtech.com (no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
216.238.112.99
# duropack.co.at (no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
193.81.20.195
# mail.esimit-tech.si (no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
193.77.126.208
# mail.resotel.be (ocasionally no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
80.200.249.216
# mail2.alliancefr.be (ocasionally no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
mail2.alliancefr.be
# webserver.turboinstitut.si (no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
webserver.turboinstitut.si
# mil.be (pool of different servers, reported by Vito Robar)
193.191.218.141
193.191.218.142
193.191.218.143
194.7.234.141
194.7.234.142
194.7.234.143
# mail*.usafisnews.org (no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
/^mail\d+\.usafisnews\.org$/
# odk.fdv.uni-lj.si (no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
/^odk.fdv.uni-lj.si$/
# rak-gentoo-1.nameserver.de (no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
rak-gentoo-1.nameserver.de
# dars.si (ocasionally no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
mx.dars.si
# cosis.si (no retry, reported by Vito Robar)
213.143.66.210
# mta?.siol.net (sometimes no or slow retry; they use intermail, reported by Vito Robar)
/^mta[12].siol.net$/
# pim-N-N.quickinspirationsmail.com (unique sender, reported by Vito Robar)
/^pim-\d+-\d+\.quickinspirationsmail\.com$/
# flymonarch (no retry, reported by Marko Djukic)
flymonarch.com
# wxs.nl (no retry, reported by Johannes Fehr)
/^p?smtp.*\.wxs\.nl$/
# ibm.com (big pool, reported by Casey Peel)
ibm.com
# messagelabs.com (big pool, reported by John Tobin)
/^mail\d+\.messagelabs\.com$/
# ptb.de (slow, reported by Joachim Schoenberg)
berlin.ptb.de
# registrarmail.net (unique sender names, reported by Simon Waters)
registrarmail.net
# google.com (big pool, reported by Matthias Dyer, Martin Toft)
google.com
# orange.fr (big pool, reported by Lo�c Le Loarer)
/^smtp\d+\.orange\.fr$/
# citigroup.com (slow retry, reported by Michael Monnerie)
/^smtp\d+.citigroup.com$/
# cruisingclub.ch (no retry)
mail.ccs-cruising.ch
# digg.com (no retry, Debian #406774)
diggstage01.digg.com
# liberal.ca (retries only during 270 seconds, Debian #406774)
smtp.liberal.ca
# pi.ws (pool + long retry, Debian #409851)
/^mail[12]\.pi\.ws$/
# rambler.ru (big pool, reported by Michael Monnerie)
rambler.ru
# free.fr (big pool, reported by Denis Sacchet)
/^smtp[0-9]+-g[0-9]+\.free\.fr$/
/^postfix[0-9]+-g[0-9]+\.free\.fr$/
# thehartford.com (pool + long retry, reported by Jacob Leifman)
/^netmail\d+\.thehartford\.com$/
# abb.com (only one retry, reported by Roman Plessl)
/^nse\d+\.abb\.com$/
# 2007-07-27: sourceforge.net (sender verification)
lists.sourceforge.net
# 2007-08-06: polytec.de (no retry, reported by Patrick McLean)
polytec.de
# 2007-09-06: qualiflow.com (no retry, reported by Alex Beckert)
/^mail\d+\.msg\.oleane\.net$/
# 2007-09-07: nrl.navy.mil (no retry, reported by Axel Beckert)
nrl.navy.mil
# 2007-10-18: aliplast.com (long retry, reported by Johannes Feigl)
mail.aliplast.com
# 2007-10-18: inode.at (long retry, reported by Johannes Feigl)
/^mx\d+\..*\.inode\.at$/
# 2008-02-01: bol.com (no retry, reported by Frank Breedijk)
/^.*?.server.arvato-systems.de$/
# 2008-06-05: registeredsite.com (no retry, reported by Fred Kilbourn)
/^(?:mail|fallback-mx)\d+.atl.registeredsite.com$/
# 2008-07-17: mahidol.ac.th (no retry, reported by Alex Beckert)
saturn.mahidol.ac.th
# 2008-07-18: ebay.com (big pool, reported by Peter Samuelson)
ebay.com
# 2008-07-22: yahoo.com (big pool, reported by Juan Alonso)
yahoo.com
# 2008-11-07: facebook (no retry, reported by Tim Freeman)
/^outmail\d+\.sctm\.tfbnw\.net$/
# 2009-02-10: server14.cyon.ch (long retry, reported by Alex Beckert)
server14.cyon.ch
# 2009-08-19: 126.com (big pool)
/^m\d+-\d+\.126\.com$/
# 2010-01-08: tifr.res.in (no retry, reported by Alex Beckert)
home.theory.tifr.res.in
# 2010-01-08: 1blu.de (long retry, reported by Alex Beckert)
ms4-1.1blu.de
# 2010-03-17: chello.at (big pool, reported by Jan-willem van Eys)
/^viefep\d+-int\.chello\.at$/
# 2010-05-31: nic.nu (long retry, reported by Ivan Sie)
mx.nic.nu
# 2010-06-10: Microsoft servers (long/no retry, reported by Roy McMorran)
bigfish.com
frontbridge.com
microsoft.com
# 2010-06-18: Google/Postini (big pool, reported by Warren Trakman)
postini.com
# 2011-02-04: evanzo-server.de (no retry, reported by Andre Hoepner)
/^mx.*\.evanzo-server\.de$/
# 2011-05-02: upcmail.net (big pool, reported by Michael Monnerie)
upcmail.net
# postgrey whitelist for mail recipients
# --------------------------------------
# put this file in /etc/postgrey or specify its path
# with --whitelist-recipients=xxx
 
postmaster@
abuse@

Spamassassin:

# This is the right place to customize your installation of SpamAssassin.
#
# See 'perldoc Mail::SpamAssassin::Conf' for details of what can be
# tweaked.
#
# Only a small subset of options are listed below
#
###########################################################################
 
#   Add *****SPAM***** to the Subject header of spam e-mails
#
# rewrite_header Subject *****SPAM*****
 
 
#   Save spam messages as a message/rfc822 MIME attachment instead of
#   modifying the original message (0: off, 2: use text/plain instead)
#
# report_safe 1
 
 
#   Set which networks or hosts are considered 'trusted' by your mail
#   server (i.e. not spammers)
#
# trusted_networks 212.17.35.
 
 
#   Set file-locking method (flock is not safe over NFS, but is faster)
#
# lock_method flock
 
 
#   Set the threshold at which a message is considered spam (default: 5.0)
#
# required_score 5.0
 
 
#   Use Bayesian classifier (default: 1)
#
# use_bayes 1
 
 
#   Bayesian classifier auto-learning (default: 1)
#
# bayes_auto_learn 1
 
 
#   Set headers which may provide inappropriate cues to the Bayesian
#   classifier
#
# bayes_ignore_header X-Bogosity
# bayes_ignore_header X-Spam-Flag
# bayes_ignore_header X-Spam-Status
 
 
#   Some shortcircuiting, if the plugin is enabled
# 
ifplugin Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::Shortcircuit
#
#   default: strongly-whitelisted mails are *really* whitelisted now, if the
#   shortcircuiting plugin is active, causing early exit to save CPU load.
#   Uncomment to turn this on
#
# shortcircuit USER_IN_WHITELIST       on
# shortcircuit USER_IN_DEF_WHITELIST   on
# shortcircuit USER_IN_ALL_SPAM_TO     on
# shortcircuit SUBJECT_IN_WHITELIST    on
 
#   the opposite; blacklisted mails can also save CPU
#
# shortcircuit USER_IN_BLACKLIST       on
# shortcircuit USER_IN_BLACKLIST_TO    on
# shortcircuit SUBJECT_IN_BLACKLIST    on
 
#   if you have taken the time to correctly specify your "trusted_networks",
#   this is another good way to save CPU
#
# shortcircuit ALL_TRUSTED             on
 
#   and a well-trained bayes DB can save running rules, too
#
# shortcircuit BAYES_99                spam
# shortcircuit BAYES_00                ham
 
endif # Mail::SpamAssassin::Plugin::Shortcircuit

Fail2Ban:

jail.conf

# Fail2Ban configuration file.
#
# This file was composed for Debian systems from the original one
#  provided now under /usr/share/doc/fail2ban/examples/jail.conf
#  for additional examples.
#
# To avoid merges during upgrades DO NOT MODIFY THIS FILE
# and rather provide your changes in /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
#
# Author: Yaroslav O. Halchenko <debian>
#
# $Revision$
#
 
# The DEFAULT allows a global definition of the options. They can be overridden
# in each jail afterwards.
 
[DEFAULT]
 
# "ignoreip" can be an IP address, a CIDR mask or a DNS host
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8
bantime  = 600
maxretry = 3
 
# "backend" specifies the backend used to get files modification. Available
# options are "gamin", "polling" and "auto".
# yoh: For some reason Debian shipped python-gamin didn't work as expected
#      This issue left ToDo, so polling is default backend for now
backend = auto
 
#
# Destination email address used solely for the interpolations in
# jail.{conf,local} configuration files.
destemail = root@localhost
 
#
# ACTIONS
#
 
# Default banning action (e.g. iptables, iptables-new,
# iptables-multiport, shorewall, etc) It is used to define
# action_* variables. Can be overridden globally or per
# section within jail.local file
banaction = iptables-multiport
 
# email action. Since 0.8.1 upstream fail2ban uses sendmail
# MTA for the mailing. Change mta configuration parameter to mail
# if you want to revert to conventional 'mail'.
mta = sendmail
 
# Default protocol
protocol = tcp
 
# Specify chain where jumps would need to be added in iptables-* actions
chain = INPUT
 
#
# Action shortcuts. To be used to define action parameter
 
# The simplest action to take: ban only
action_ = %(banaction)s[name=%(__name__)s, port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
 
# ban & send an e-mail with whois report to the destemail.
action_mw = %(banaction)s[name=%(__name__)s, port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
              %(mta)s-whois[name=%(__name__)s, dest="%(destemail)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
 
# ban & send an e-mail with whois report and relevant log lines
# to the destemail.
action_mwl = %(banaction)s[name=%(__name__)s, port="%(port)s", protocol="%(protocol)s", chain="%(chain)s"]
               %(mta)s-whois-lines[name=%(__name__)s, dest="%(destemail)s", logpath=%(logpath)s, chain="%(chain)s"]
 
# Choose default action.  To change, just override value of 'action' with the
# interpolation to the chosen action shortcut (e.g.  action_mw, action_mwl, etc) in jail.local
# globally (section [DEFAULT]) or per specific section
action = %(action_)s
 
#
# JAILS
#
 
# Next jails corresponds to the standard configuration in Fail2ban 0.6 which
# was shipped in Debian. Enable any defined here jail by including
#
# [SECTION_NAME]
# enabled = true
 
#
# in /etc/fail2ban/jail.local.
#
# Optionally you may override any other parameter (e.g. banaction,
# action, port, logpath, etc) in that section within jail.local
 
[ssh]
 
enabled  = true
port     = ssh
filter   = sshd
logpath  = /var/log/auth.log
maxretry = 6
 
[dropbear]
 
enabled  = false
port     = ssh
filter   = sshd
logpath  = /var/log/dropbear
maxretry = 6
 
# Generic filter for pam. Has to be used with action which bans all ports
# such as iptables-allports, shorewall
[pam-generic]
 
enabled  = false
# pam-generic filter can be customized to monitor specific subset of 'tty's
filter   = pam-generic
# port actually must be irrelevant but lets leave it all for some possible uses
port     = all
banaction = iptables-allports
port     = anyport
logpath  = /var/log/auth.log
maxretry = 6
 
[xinetd-fail]
 
enabled   = false
filter    = xinetd-fail
port      = all
banaction = iptables-multiport-log
logpath   = /var/log/daemon.log
maxretry  = 2
 
 
[ssh-ddos]
 
enabled  = false
port     = ssh
filter   = sshd-ddos
logpath  = /var/log/auth.log
maxretry = 6
 
#
# HTTP servers
#
 
[apache]
 
enabled  = false
port     = http,https
filter   = apache-auth
logpath  = /var/log/apache*/*error.log
maxretry = 6
 
# default action is now multiport, so apache-multiport jail was left
# for compatibility with previous (<0.7.6-2) releases
[apache-multiport]
 
enabled   = false
port      = http,https
filter    = apache-auth
logpath   = /var/log/apache*/*error.log
maxretry  = 6
 
[apache-noscript]
 
enabled  = false
port     = http,https
filter   = apache-noscript
logpath  = /var/log/apache*/*error.log
maxretry = 6
 
[apache-overflows]
 
enabled  = false
port     = http,https
filter   = apache-overflows
logpath  = /var/log/apache*/*error.log
maxretry = 2
 
#
# FTP servers
#
 
[vsftpd]
 
enabled  = false
port     = ftp,ftp-data,ftps,ftps-data
filter   = vsftpd
logpath  = /var/log/vsftpd.log
# or overwrite it in jails.local to be
# logpath = /var/log/auth.log
# if you want to rely on PAM failed login attempts
# vsftpd's failregex should match both of those formats
maxretry = 6
 
 
[proftpd]
 
enabled  = false
port     = ftp,ftp-data,ftps,ftps-data
filter   = proftpd
logpath  = /var/log/proftpd/proftpd.log
maxretry = 6
 
 
[pure-ftpd]
 
enabled  = false
port     = ftp,ftp-data,ftps,ftps-data
filter   = pure-ftpd
logpath  = /var/log/auth.log
maxretry = 6
 
 
[wuftpd]
 
enabled  = false
port     = ftp,ftp-data,ftps,ftps-data
filter   = wuftpd
logpath  = /var/log/auth.log
maxretry = 6
 
 
#
# Mail servers
#
 
[postfix]
 
enabled  = false
port     = smtp,ssmtp
filter   = postfix
logpath  = /var/log/mail.log
 
 
[couriersmtp]
 
enabled  = false
port     = smtp,ssmtp
filter   = couriersmtp
logpath  = /var/log/mail.log
 
 
#
# Mail servers authenticators: might be used for smtp,ftp,imap servers, so
# all relevant ports get banned
#
 
[courierauth]
 
enabled  = false
port     = smtp,ssmtp,imap2,imap3,imaps,pop3,pop3s
filter   = courierlogin
logpath  = /var/log/mail.log
 
 
[sasl]
 
enabled  = false
port     = smtp,ssmtp,imap2,imap3,imaps,pop3,pop3s
filter   = sasl
# You might consider monitoring /var/log/mail.warn instead if you are
# running postfix since it would provide the same log lines at the
# "warn" level but overall at the smaller filesize.
logpath  = /var/log/mail.log
 
[dovecot]
 
enabled = false
port    = smtp,ssmtp,imap2,imap3,imaps,pop3,pop3s
filter  = dovecot
logpath = /var/log/mail.log
 
# DNS Servers
 
 
# These jails block attacks against named (bind9). By default, logging is off
# with bind9 installation. You will need something like this:
#
# logging {
#     channel security_file {
#         file "/var/log/named/security.log" versions 3 size 30m;
#         severity dynamic;
#         print-time yes;
#     };
#     category security {
#         security_file;
#     };
# };
#
# in your named.conf to provide proper logging
 
# !!! WARNING !!!
#   Since UDP is connection-less protocol, spoofing of IP and imitation
#   of illegal actions is way too simple.  Thus enabling of this filter
#   might provide an easy way for implementing a DoS against a chosen
#   victim. See
#    https://nion.modprobe.de/blog/archives/690-fail2ban-+-dns-fail.html
#   Please DO NOT USE this jail unless you know what you are doing.
#[named-refused-udp]
#
#enabled  = false
#port     = domain,953
#protocol = udp
#filter   = named-refused
#logpath  = /var/log/named/security.log
 
[named-refused-tcp]
 
enabled  = false
port     = domain,953
protocol = tcp
filter   = named-refused
logpath  = /var/log/named/security.log
</debian>@onerussian.com>

fail2ban.conf

# Fail2Ban configuration file
#
# Author: Cyril Jaquier
#
# $Revision$
#
 
[Definition]
 
# Option:  loglevel
# Notes.:  Set the log level output.
#          1 = ERROR
#          2 = WARN
#          3 = INFO
#          4 = DEBUG
# Values:  NUM  Default:  3
#
loglevel = 3
 
# Option:  logtarget
# Notes.:  Set the log target. This could be a file, SYSLOG, STDERR or STDOUT.
#          Only one log target can be specified.
# Values:  STDOUT STDERR SYSLOG file  Default:  /var/log/fail2ban.log
#
logtarget = /var/log/fail2ban.log
 
# Option: socket
# Notes.: Set the socket file. This is used to communicate with the daemon. Do
#         not remove this file when Fail2ban runs. It will not be possible to
#         communicate with the server afterwards.
# Values: FILE  Default:  /var/run/fail2ban/fail2ban.sock
#
socket = /var/run/fail2ban/fail2ban.sock
ddemuro
administrator

Sr. Software Engineer with over 10 years of experience. Hobbist photographer and mechanic. Tinkering soul in an endeavor to better understand this world. Love traveling, drinking coffee, and investments.

You may also like

Leave a Reply

This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is processed.

%d bloggers like this: